ʻO nā lako hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai ʻōpala i loko o ka pahu pehea e hana ai i ka wai ʻōpala kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana

Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana ma Kina, ke hoʻomāhuahua nei nā ʻano wai ʻona a pau. E hoʻohaumia i nā kino wai i ka wai ʻino nui i hana ʻia e ka ʻoihana, i hiki ʻole i nā mea ola i loko o nā kino wai ke ola, e luku ana i ke koena kaiaola; inā komo ka wai ʻino i loko o ka lepo, e hoʻohaumia nō hoʻi ia i ka wai lepo, e pili ana i ka palekana o ka wai inu o kānaka. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻolilo ʻia kekahi mau mea ʻawaʻawa a me nā mea ʻino i ka wai ʻino i loko o ke kaulahao meaʻai a komo i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke olakino kanaka, e koi ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoihana me nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai hoʻoneʻe kiʻekiʻe.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka wai ʻōpala kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻopili i ka: ʻoihana kemika wai ʻino, lāʻau lapaʻau wai ʻino, paʻi a me ka wai kala ʻana, electroplating wastewater a pēlā aku. Loaʻa paha i kēia mau wai ʻino ka nui o nā mea olaola, nā mea ʻole, nā metala kaumaha, nā mea ʻona a me nā mea pōʻino.

He nui nā pilikia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino nui, ʻo ia hoʻi: mua, . ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe: ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea haumia i loko o ka wai ʻino e pono ai nā ala lapaʻau ikaika loa no ka wehe pono ʻana. ʻO ka lua, ka haku mele paʻakikī: ʻo ka wai ʻōpala kiʻekiʻe ka mea maʻamau i loaʻa nā ʻano mea haumia, a paʻakikī kona haku ʻana, e paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia. ʻO ke kolu, maikaʻi ʻole ka biodegradability: ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kekahi o ka wai ʻino nui loa, a pono e hana mua ʻia me nā ʻano lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻEhā, ʻona nui: aia paha kekahi mau mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o kekahi wai ʻona nui, e hoʻoweliweli ana i nā mea hana lapaʻau a me nā mea hana. ʻO ka lima, ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana: kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka wai ʻino i ke kaʻina hana, e hoʻokō i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻohana hou ʻana.

I kēia manawa, makemake nā mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai nui e hana i kēia ʻano wai ʻino, hoʻohana nui i ke ʻano o ka mālama kino, ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ke kino, ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka biological, ke ʻano hoʻokaʻawale membrane, ke ʻano oxidation kiʻekiʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Liding kaiapuni mālama 'oihana hana i ka sege lapaau no oi ma mua o umi makahiki manawa, kona hana ana a me ka noiʻi a me ka hooulu ana o kiʻekiʻe-concentration wastewater lapaʻau lako Blue Whale moʻo, kela la i keia la hiki ke hoʻoponopono i oi aku mamua o hoʻokahi haneri tona o kiʻekiʻe-concenter wastewater, ikaika a me ka lōʻihi, kumu kūʻai-pono, ka effluent halawai me na kūlana.